1010 - Solvation |
1010 - Provide and apply the definitions of solution, solute, solvent and miscible. |
1020 - Know entropy, the pervasive tendency of energy to spread out, causes substances to try and mix. |
1030 - Know strong IMF between solvent molecules can prevent solutes from dissolving (unless the solute has similar IMF). |
1040 - Know strong IMF between solute molecules can prevent solvents from absorbing them (unless the solvent has similar IMF). |
1050 - Use molecular structure to predict solubility of one substance in another. |
1060 - Use the "like dissolves like" simplification to identify substances that will form mixtures. |
1020 - Energetics |
1010 - Define heat of solute and heat of solvent, know these are always endothermic. |
1020 - Define heat of mixing, know this is always exothermic. |
1030 - Define heat of solvation, identify when it will be exothermic and when it will be endothermic. |
1050 - Define heat of hydration, know this is the sum of heat of mixing and heat of solvent when the solvent is water. |
1060 - Relate lattice energy to heat of solute. |
1070 - Given a substances lattice energy and heat of hydration, determine heat of solvation for that substance in water. |
1030 - Saturation |
1005 - Know dissolving and recrystallizing are an equilibrium process. |
1007 - Understand that when rates of recrystallization and dissolving are equal the solution is saturated. |
1010 - Know dissolving and recrystallizing of most solids (not all) is directly proportional to temperature. |
1015 - Explain what it means for a solution to be super saturated. |
1020 - Know solubility of gases is inversely proportional to temperature. |
1030 - Know the solubility of gases is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas over the solution. |
1040 - Using Henrys law ( S = kH P ) relate gas solubility to partial pressure of the gas over solution. |
1050 - Know the value of Henrys constant is proportional to temperature and specific to the solute. |
1430 - Use Raoults law to relate the vapor pressure of a pure substance to the mole fraction of that substance in solution and vapor pressure of that solution. |